paštarnuwa-(i)
‘to cause to start (up) (?)’
- Language
- Cuneiform Luwian
- Class
- Derivative
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 4099
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Luwian (Glossenkeilwörter)
paštarnuwa-(i)
1.1.1Transmission
The lexeme is attested in two bird oracle texts.
[E.R.]
1.1.2Forms
| 3pl. pres. act. (Hitt.) | pa-aš-tar-nu-wa-an-zi | KUB 35.146 ii 14’ | (CTH 458, MS) |
| 3sg. pret. act. | pa-aš-ta-ar-nu-wa-at-ta |
KUB 5.24 ii 47 | (CTH 477, LNS) |
1.1.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.
[E.R.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning of the lexeme is not completely clear, even though it is a causative formation to the base paštari-(ti) (see thus under Stem). Tischler (HHw:127 and HEG P:526) proposes the interpretation ‘to chase away’ as causative to paštari- ‘to fly away (?)’ or ‘to start up (?)’. The causative sense of the meaning is followed by Sasseville 2021a:496 and Melchert in DCL:s.v. (‘to startle, cause to start (up)’). Melchert also notes the negative sense obvious in the attestation in KUB 35.146, thus proposing a meaning ‘to frighten’ whereas Pisaniello 2015a:35 proposes ‘to spurn’. Puhvel (HED PA:193) sees no semantic difference between paštari- and paštarnuwa-.No meaning is given in DLL:81, Ünal 1973a:38, CLL:173, van den Hout 1995a:259, CHD P:210f., and Ünal 2007a:408.
[E.R.]
1.1.5Stem
The lexeme is clearly a causative formation in -nuwa-(i) with the verbal base paštari- (thus DLL:81, Archi 1975a:168, CLL:173, HHw:127, HEG P:526, Sakuma 2009a:224, Sasseville 2021a:469). Note that the -i- of the original i-stem paštari- is absent in paštarnuwa- (Sasseville 2021a:469, followed by Melchert in DCL:s.v.).
[E.R.]
1.1.6Origin
Like its base paštari-, the lexeme paštarnuwa- is very likely of Luwian origin, which is supported by the preceding gloss wedge in KUB 5.24. In KUB 35.146, paštarnuwa- is clearly inflected with a Hittite ending, causing the lack of gloss wedges.
[E.R.]
*The lemma was written together with Marian Wehrstein.
For the lemma head see CLuw. *štar-.
paštari-