tarpatta(/i)-

In Cuneiform Luwian context, the lexeme occurs only once in a manuscript of the Ištanuwa festival.

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Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.

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While other authors refer only to tarpatta- ‘substitution (?)’ in Hittite context, Melchert (DCL:s.v.) points out the deviating meaning of tarpatta- in Luwian context, in which the tarwāliya- ‘dance’ is said to be constituted of tarpatta-. Based on the frequent mention of turning (Hitt. waḫnu-), Melchert suggests an abstract noun tarpatta- ‘turning (?)’. However, since the meaning ‘to turn’ cannot be established beyond doubts for any of the tarp- roots (in spite of the attempt by Josephson 1979a), one should consider instead the possibility that the dance including the turning movement is performed by way of trampling with the feet, a meaning well established for HLuw. /tarp(a)i-^(di)/, hence tarpatta- ‘trampling’.

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With only the abl./instr. form attested, no decision between tarpatt(i)- c., tarpatta- c. and tarpatt(a)- n. is possible.

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The two assured attestations occur in two NS duplicate texts of the Festival for the Protective deities, the fragmentary one in a MS manuscript of a ritual with Hurrian interspersals. It is also attested as a divine name ^DTarpattašša(/i)- (HEG T:213).

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gen. sg.	tar-pa-at-ta-aš	KBo 2.38, 10’	(CTH 682, NS)
gen. adj. dat./loc. sg.	tar-pa-at-ta-aš-ši〈〈-iš〉〉	KUB 2.1 ii 48’	(CTH 682, NS)
unclear	[t]ar-pa-at-t[a(-)	KBo 47.42 rev. 1	(CTH 500, MS)

Syntactically, a dat./loc. sg. of the genitival adjective should be expected to form an attribute dependent on the dat./loc. sg. ^Dkal-i at KUB 2.1 ii 48 (see Melchert 1979a:264, Starke 1990a:369, HEG T:212).

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Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv. – The reading at KBo 47.42 rev. 1’ follows Soysal 2013a:694.

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Most frequently, tarpatta- is related to CLuw. tarpāššā- c. ‘substitute’ and tentatively translated as ‘substitution’ (Starke 1990a:369, Rieken 1999a:126, HEG T:212f., HHw:171, Ünal 2007a:700; no translation is offered in Güterbock 1956a:128, HW:333, CLL:216, McMahon 1991a:104f., HHw:170). Josephson 1979a:180 emphasizes its positive connotation, which he derives from the position of the tarpatta- after ḫandatt(i)- ‘care, fixing, arrangement’ (both epithets of the Tutelary Deity). More complicated is the position of tarpattaššiš after the epithet ḫanteyašša/i-, whose meaning vacillates between ‘overgrown fringe of a river (as a hiding place of the deity)’ in ritual texts and ‘pre-eminent position’ in the list of the ^Dkals, probably to form a word play. However that may be, since an interpretation of ša Labarna tarpattašši〈〈š〉〉 (dupl. tarpattaš) ^Dkal as Tutelary Deity against the tarpatta- of the Labarna is equally possible, Josephson’s conclusion is less than certain. Therefore, nothing precludes a tentative semantic interpretation ‘struggle, opposition (?)’, which would tally with the reduplicated stem tarpatarpatta- ‘constant struggle, opposition (?)’.

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1. tarpatarpatta-

The form of the genitival adjective in -ašša/i- and the use of the gloss wedge for a derivative of the Luwian root tarp- leaves no doubt that the word represents a borrowing from Luwian (cf. Rosenkranz 1953a:23, DLL:93, Josephson 1979a:180, Starke 1990a:369, CLL:216, Rieken 1999a:126, HHw:170, van den Hout 2006a:246, DCL:s.v.).

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For the lemma head see CLuw. tarp(i)-.