/saPisara(/i)-/, sa-pi-sá-lá/í-
‘health’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst
- ID
- 3722
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/saPisara(/i)-/, sa-pi-sá-lá/í-
‘health’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested twice in a single inscription from Cilicia, dating to the early 7th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| abl./instr. | /saPisaradi/ | sa-pi-sá-lá/í-ri+i | KARATEPE Hu., §49 (Cilicia) |
| sá-pi-sa-ara/i-ri+i | KARATEPE Ho., §49 (Cilicia) |
Hawkins 2000a:192 mentioned another possible attestation of the present word in KARKAMIŠ A17a, §4, which is badly broken in a highly fragmented context and therefore too uncertain to be included in the above table: 〈|sa-pi-x x〉.
[A.P.] [AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
Despite the fully syllabic spellings, the phonological interpretation of this word is tentative. It is surely cognate with the semantically similar (or identical?) noun /saPisura-/, but remains otherwise etymologically unconnected within the Anatolian languages. That leaves not only the quality of the bilabial plosive unclear, here represented by the cover symbol /P/. Another possible interpretation is /spis(a)ra(/i)-/. Only the latter part of the stem seems reasonably clear as /°(a)ra(/i?)-/ because of /saPisura-/, although it is possible that the sweeping rhotacism obscures an underlying dental, i.e. /saPis(a)da-/ cf. the discussion of the stem below.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning of this word is suggested on the basis of its attestation in the bilingual inscription KARATEPE 1 and its equation with Phoenician šlm ‘health’, see Bossert 1953a:320f., followed by Hawkins 2000a:538, noting that the Phoenician version of the clause is ordered differently. The clause in reads KARATEPE Hu., §49: wa/i-ta u-sa-nú-wa/i-tu-u (LITUUS)á-za-ti-wa/i-tà-na sa-pi-sá-lá/í-ri+i ha-tà+ra/i-ti-i-há, approx. /wa=tta usnuwattu Azzattiwadan saPis(a)radi had(a)radi=ha/, meaning ‘May he (scil. the god Ba’al) bless Azzattiwada with health and life’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:55).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The morphological analysis of this noun depends first and foremost on the phonological interpretation of the attested forms. If the form should be /saPisar(i)-/, it would represent a common gender noun built on an adjective. In the case of an a-stem /saPis(a)ra-/, Yakubovich (pers. comm.) considers a syncope of /saPisura-/ > /saPisra-/ possible, or a weakening of the vowel to schwa, i.e. [saPisǝra-].
If, however, the form should turn out to be /saPisada-/ or /saPisad(i)-/, the noun would be derived with the collective suffix /-ada-/ or the common gender suffix /-ad(i)-/; the attested spellings do not permit to decide between the two possibilities.
Either way, the derivational basis is otherwise opaque.
[AH.B.]