ḫazzuwan(i)-

This lexeme is found in a birth ritual as well as in the ritual of Ayatarša for a sick child. It is also cautiously suggested under Forms that the word may be attested as a derivative in Cuneiform Luwian context.

[D.S.]

nom. sg.	ḫa-az-zu-˹wa-ni˺-iš	KBo 17.61 obv. 25	(CTH 430, MS)
	ḫa-az-zu-wa-ni-iš	KUB 7.1 i 21	(CTH 390, NS)

It would be possible to recover an adjective in -i(ya)- of the same word in a broken context of a CLuw. ritual, i.e. [ḫa-a]z^?-zu-ú-wa-ni-i-iš at KUB 35.28 i 7’ and duplicate [ḫa-az-zu-ú-w]a-a-an-ni-iš at KUB 35.29 i 5’ (cf. †zuwann(i)-), i.e. ‘the warḫītatiš of garlic’. However, the reading of the partly broken sign as -a]z- is highly tentative, and save a new join or the discovery of another duplicate with the preserved word, no certainty can be reached here.

[D.S.]

Checked against the photographs in the Konkordanz (Mainzer Fotoarchiv).

[D.S.]

The word ḫazzuwan(i)- is attested among other kind of garden herbs (HW 2nd ed. Ḫ:554). It is also attested in Old Assyrian Transmission as ḫazuanum, whose meaning as ‘garlic’ or ‘a kind of onion’ was elucidated by Farber 1991a:235-238. Simon 2015d argued that the word is originally Luwian based on its morphology and further suggested an Indo-European origin, see under Origin below. Despite the cogency of the approach, the meaning is not contextually confirmed in the Hittite sources themselves, but it is nonetheless adopted here. For the outdated literature on the meaning and origin of ḫazzuwani-, see HW 2nd ed. Ḫ:554 and Simon 2015d.

[D.S.]

Simon 2015d suggests that the word ḫazzuwani- contains the Luwian suffix -ann(i)- with a defective spelling (semantically preferable to the ethnicon suffix -wann(i)-). This is entirely possible. However, a suffix -an(i)- instead (as in e.g. tappān(i)-; historically *-ó-no- instead of *-é-no-, with Čop’s Law and i-mutation) would also be possible. This suffix is thus derived form a non-attested u-stem *ḫazzu-.

[D.S.]

Simon (pers. comm.) suggests that the newly identified Luwianism ḫazzuwan(i)- ‘garlic, (a kind of onion)’ (see under Meaning) goes back to the PIE root *h₂ek̑- ‘sharp’ (Gk. ἄρκος ‘at the farthest point, topmost’, ὄκρις ‘top, protruding point’, Lat. ocris ‘stony mountain’, Skt. áśri- f. ‘sharp side, corner’; EDG:57). If this etymology is correct, it would further confirm the Luwian origin of the noun because of the sound change of *k̑ > Luw. -zz-.

[D.S.]