tūrā-^(ti)

The verb appears twice in the Puriyanni ritual and once in another ritual fragment (from MS onwards).

[E.R.]

3sg. pret. act.	tu-úr-⸢ra⸣-at-ta	KBo 29.2 ii 10’ + KUB 35.52, 9’	(CTH 758, NS)
	tu-u-r[a-a-a]t-ta	KUB 35.54 ii 34’	(CTH 758, MS)
3sg. impv. act.	tu-ra-ad-du	KUB 35.146 iii 18’	(CTH 458, MS)

Uncertain is the assignment of tu-ra-a at Privat 40 iii 1, which may represent a 2sg. impv. act. of the present verb or a collective nom./acc. of ^GIŠtūr(i)- ‘lance, spear’ (Sasseville 2021b:176, with transliteration).

[E.R.]

Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv. – For the lack of the determinative in the verb as opposed to its use in the noun, see Otten 1953a:72 with n. 61. – The spelling with -rr- at KBo 29.2 ii 10’ + KUB 35.52, 9’ is unexpected and considered a mistake by Sasseville 2021a:42 (after Melchert, pers. comm.).

[E.R.]

It is common sense that tūrā-^(ti) forms a denominative verb derived from ^GIŠtūr(i)-, used transitively in a figura etymologica, which yields a meaning ‘to apply the tūr(i)-’ (DLL:100, Starke 1990a:310, CLL:236, HEG T:457, Melchert 1997b:132 and Melchert 2003b:199, EDHIL:900, Sasseville 2021a:42). Those assigning a concrete meaning to ^GIŠtūr(i)- also offer a more specific translation for tūrā-^(ti), viz. ‘(mit einem Grabstock) eingraben’ (Starke 1990a:310, followed in HEG T:457, also considered EDHIL:900) vs. ‘to pierce (with a spear)’ (Melchert 1997b:132 and Melchert 2003b:199, HHw:181, Sasseville 2021a:42). Since the Hittites had lances instead of spears, the verb is understood as ‘to pierce (with a lance)’, here.

[E.R.]

Building on the obvious denominative formation in -a- and the unlenited endings, the verb has long been classified as a factitive stem in -a-^(ti) (see Melchert 1994a:277, Melchert 1997b:132 and Melchert 2003b:199, EDHIL:900, Sasseville 2021a:42).

[E.R.]

For the lemma head see CLuw. tūr(i)-.