/nahh(i)-/, (“COR”)na-hi-
‘fear’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, c.
- ID
- 3113
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/nahh(i)-/, (“COR”)na-hi-
‘fear’1.1.1Transmission
This hapax is only attested in a single letter found at Assur (with a possible origin from the region of Karkamiš), dating to the late 8th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| acc. pl. | /nahhinzi/ | (“COR”)na-hi-zi | ASSUR letter f+g, §4 (Assur) |
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation is based on the attested spelling as well as the etymological link with CLuw. 
naḫḫūwa-(i) ‘there is a concern (impers.)’ (CLL:153, Sasseville 2021a:372f.) and Hittite nāḫ-/naḫḫ-(i) ‘to be afraid’ (see e.g. HEG N:246); it can therefore be considered secure.
The word family is tied together also by the use of the logographic determinative COR (sign *341, previously read VAS), which commonly appears with words denoting mental states or the body parts associated with these (van den Hout 2006a:176, who also suggests the reading COR on p. 182).
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning is assigned to this lexeme based on its cognates CLuw. naḫḫūwa-(i) ‘there is a concern (impers.)’ (for which see Sasseville 2021a:372f.) and Hittite nāḫ-/naḫḫ-(i) ‘to be afraid’, a connection first proposed, albeit very tentatively, by Hawkins 2000a:536, followed by Yakubovich 2017e:s.v. and Oreshko 2020b:349. However, the assigned meaning is supported by the context, for the clause in ASSUR letter f+g, §4 runs: a-wa/i (“COR”)na-hi-zi (“COR”)la+ra/i-hi-ri+i-ia-zi-ha PRAE-i (PONERE)sà-ti-nu-i, approx. /a=wa nahhinzi lalhiliyanzi=ha pari stinu/, possibly meaning ‘Cause (us?) to put aside fear and anxiety’ vel sim. (cf. Hawkins 2000a:536).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The noun appears to be based on the root verb of the ḫi-conjugation(?) */nahh(uw)a-(i)?/ ‘to fear’, which is not as such attested in Luwian, but can be found in Hittite nāḫ-/naḫḫ-(ḫi) ‘to be afraid’. Its attested form shows that it is a common gender noun and subject to i-mutation, likely going back to a simple thematic stem, if not to an i-stem.
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head see HLuw. */nahh(uw)a-(i)/.