manaxine-

This lexeme is found in a grave inscription on a monumental sarcophagus from Xanthos belonging to Pajawa, who erected it at the end of the 10^th year (see Lyc. zit(i)-) following the Persian occupation of Xanthos by Artumpara (1^st half of the 4^th c. BCE).

[D.S.]

nom. sg.	manax[in]e	TL 40a (Xanthos)
	m[a]nạx̣ine	TL 40b.1 (Xanthos)

The readings follow the autography of Kalinka 1901a:35.

van den Hout 1995c:161 n. 34 suggests restoring ma[naxine] at TL 44d.2, which does not make sense contextually, since Pajawa is already the subject of the sentence; a restoration with ma[hãna] ‘the gods’ is preferable.

Thomsen 1899a:45 wishes to separate manaxine into manaxi=ne with the enclitic pronoun ‘him, it’ (likewise Schürr 2012b:30), which is syntactically unacceptable, since the enclitic pronoun can only be hosted by the first word of the clause (cf. TL 133).

[D.S.]

Neumann 1974a:110 rightly rejects the idea that manaxine might be a second name or patronymicon with omission of the genitive ending (cf. Thomsen 1899a:45) and suggests that it represents an attribute to the personal name Pajawa, the owner of the grave. He sees in manaxine a loanword from Greek μονογενής ‘only child’ (followed by Gehrisch 2018a:58). However, Eichner 1993b:231 n. 12 points out that Greek omicron is not normally rendered with Lyc. a and suggests instead an etymological connection with CLuw. mannaḫuwann(i)-, previously thought to mean ‘short’, but now interpreted as ‘nose’. The first part of Lyc. manax-ine can definitely be equated to CLuw. mannaḫ-uwann(i)- and Hitt. mēnaḫḫ-anda, which contain the word for ‘face’. However, the second part of the Lycian word remains more obscure, even though it most likely contains a chain of suffixes.

Regarding the semantics of manaxine-, van den Hout 1995c:161 n. 34 suggests ‘prince’ or ‘governor’, whereas Melchert (DLL:36f.) leaves the interpretation of the word entirely open. Pending further evidence, it is clear that manaxine- designates the title of Pajawa, who has been politically influential. Nonetheless, it is not yet possible to assign a precise meaning.

[D.S.]

For Lycian common gender stems in -e-, see Sasseville 2021a:206-214.

[D.S.]

For the reconstruction, see under CLuw. manna(ḫ)uwann(i)-.