*=som
‘(particle)’
- Language
- Proto-Anatolian
- Grammar
- part
- ID
- 2765
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Palaic
=šan
‘(particle)’1.1.1Transmission
This particle is found in the mythological passage pertaining to the bull in the sky.
[D.S.]
1.1.2Forms
| indecl. | ša-an | KUB 48.69, 2 | (CTH 754, NS) |
| ša-a[n] | KUB 48.69, 2 | (CTH 754, NS) |
1.1.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photograph in the Konkordanz (Mainzer Fotoarchiv).
[D.S.]
1.1.4Meaning
The particle =šan is used twice in combination with the adposition šer ‘over, up’, therefore indicating superposition parallel to Hitt. =(š)šan (CHD Š:126f.). Within his extensive analysis on Hittite particles, Brosch 2014b:119 also shows that Hitt. =(š)šan expresses surface contact with an object. In the Palaic context, the bull runs over the sky (šer=šan… nepiši), implying surface contact between the bull and the sky, and then he is being wrestled down at the very same place (šer=war=aš=šan). Therefore, the functions of Hittite =(š)šan are so far applicable to Pal. =šan.
[D.S.]
1.2 Hittite
=(š)šan
‘(particle)’1.2.1Literature / Comments
CHD Š:126-155, Brosch 2014b:119-126
2. Reconstruction
2.1Reconstruction ‘(particle)’
Brosch 2014b:353f. offers a summary of the various etymological analyses of Hitt. =(š)šan and concludes that the etymology with PIE *som ‘in one, together’, endingless locative of *sem, is the most persuasive one (for the Indo-European data, see LIPP II:719f.).
For further Anatolian cognates, see Lyc. hñti and perhaps Lyd. -šν- in Lyd. pašνsakνãki-(d); for the analysis of the latter, see Sasseville 2021a:286 n. 37.
[D.S.]