CAPERE+MALLEUS
‘to carve’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 2705
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
CAPERE+MALLEUS
‘to carve’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested in two related inscriptions from Hama, dating to the 9th or 8th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| 3sg. pret. act. | /…/ | CAPERE+MALLEUS | MEHARDE, §9 (Hama) |
| MALLEUS.CAPERE | SHEIZAR, §8 (Hama) |
The attestations at MEHARDE, §9 and SHEIZAR, §8 are commonly thought to belong to the same lexeme despite their different arrangement of the signs. The reason for or against the ligature may be sought in the text environment and layout: the separated MALLEUS (sign *280) of SHEIZAR forms a thoughtfully designed unit with a similarly sized sign /a/, thus perfectly filling up the remaining space on the main side (B) of the stela, whereas the ligature used in MEHARDE fits well into the beginning of the last line of the inscription.
[A.P.] [AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
Due to the fully logographic spelling, the phonological interpretation of this word is unclear. While the logogram CAPERE (*41) is also used for the verb HLuw. /kwanza-(di)/ ‘to carve’, the latter usually combines it with SCALPRUM (*268) instead of the sign MALLEUS used for the present lexeme, cf. Hawkins 2000a:418. The words should therefore not be assumed to be identical or even etymologically related without further evidence.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning is assigned on the basis of the logograms used as well as the contexts of attestation; its precise denotation may be a variation of ‘to carve’, since it may represent an entirely different word to /kwanza-(di)/ ‘to carve’. Similar to the MEHARDE context, the word occurs in one of the last colophon-like clauses at SHEIZAR, §8: MALLEUS.CAPERE-pa-wa/i-na ILOCUS-ti-ARMA-wa/i-sa BONUS2.SCRIBA-la-sa, approx. /…=ba=wa=an Allantimuwas …-las/ meaning ‘Allantimuwa, the BONUS2.SCRIBA-la- scribe, carved it’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:417).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
Unclear. For a lack of overtly spelt endings, even the type of conjugation remains unknown. The word may or may not be related to /kwanza-(di)/ ‘to carve’, but this cannot be proven without additional data.
[AH.B.]