/taTuttaTu(wa)-(i)/, tá-tu-tá-tu-
‘(verb denoting punitive action)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 2528
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/taTuttaTu(wa)-(i)/, tá-tu-tá-tu-
‘(verb denoting punitive action)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested twice in inscriptions from Emirgazi, dating to the 13th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| 3sg./pl. impv. act. | /taTuttaTu(n)tu/ | tá-tu-tá-tu-tu | EMİRGAZİ 1A, §14 (Emirgazi) |
| EMİRGAZİ 1C, §14 (Emirgazi) |
The analysis of the strings attested on both EMİRGAZİ 1 altars follows Yakubovich 2017e here, but is in fact not entirely clear. Hawkins 1995a:88 considers the sign strings to represent two words, reading 〈tá-tu tá-tu-tu〉, in which case the first word would represent a dat./loc. sg. of an u-stem, while the second would be a cognate verb, combined into a figura etymologica. From a syntactic point of view it is perhaps more probable to assume a reduplicated verb here. However, only further evidence can show which analysis is correct.
[A.P.] [AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this word is tentative and first and foremost depends on whether the parsing of the attestations at EMİRGAZİ 1 as one word instead of two should prove correct, cf. the discussion under Forms. The initial unlenited dental can be assumed to be repeated with the same quality. Only the medial dental remains unclear regarding its quality and is hence represented with the cover symbol /T/ here.Yakubovich (pers. comm.) assumes the verb to be related to /tu(wa)-(i)/ ‘to put’, resulting in a rendition as /tattuttattu(wa)-/.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The word occurs in the apodosis of one of the many curse formulae included in the inscription, and it can therefore be assumed with certainty to denote a punitive action. In the clauses, the spelling does not facilitate an unambiguous interpretation of the forms, as EMİRGAZİ 1A, §14 reads: *a-wa/i-na MAGNUS-zi/a tá-tu-tá-tu-tu, approx. /a=wa=an urazza (or: urazzanzi?) taTuttaTu(n)tu/, meaning ‘(But if a lesser person makes a mistake), he/they shall punish (?) him for the patron (or: the patrons shall punish (?) him)’ (cf. Hawkins 1995a:95f.). The attested verb form may either be sg. or pl., and the noun /urazza-/ ‘patron’ may function either as subject or as indirect object in the clause, it remains unclear which.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
If the analysis of the attestations as one word is correct, the verb represents a reduplicated stem and therefore most likely belongs to the class in /-a-/, taking the endings of the ḫi-conjugation, see Sasseville 2021a:340. The derivational basis for the simplex verb is likely the also attested noun /taTu-/ ‘compensation (?)’.
[AH.B.]