/ahhattil(i)-/, ARHA-ti-i-li-
‘outer, external’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- adj
- ID
- 2360
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/ahhattil(i)-/, ARHA-ti-i-li-
‘outer, external’1.1.1Transmission
This hapax is attested once in an inscription from Aleppo, dating to the late 10th or early 9th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom. sg. | /ahhattilis/ | ARHA-ti-i-li-sa | BABYLON 1, §12 (Aleppo) |
It is possible, though not provable, that the form at BABYLON 1, §12 should be read 〈FINES-ha-ti-i-li-sa〉, cf. the verb /irhal(l)issa-(i)/ ‘to separate (?)’, spelt 〈FINES-ha-li-sa-ha〉 at GÜRÜN (upper inscription), §2; the resulting phonological interpretation would likely be /irhaTil(i)-/. However, the antonymic pairing with /antattil(i)-/ suggests that the form is based on the adverb /ahha/, not the noun /irh(i)-/ ‘border’, cf. the discussions below and the peculiarities of the signs for FINES and ARHA at HLuw. /irh(i)-/.
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this lexeme is closely tied to that of its derivational base /ahha/ ‘away, back’. As for the remainder of the stem, this can either have the shape suggested here, i.e. /ahhattil(i)-/, or the spelling may stand for /ahhantil(i)-/; either is possible. It is likely that the stem formation resembles that of its antonym /antattil(i)-/ ‘inner’, which also has the alternative interpretation /antantil(i)-/. Only further cognate data from outside of HLuw. can prove one of the interpretations as correct.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning of this lexeme was not clear to scholars at first, although already Forrer 1932a:51 noted that the word occurs paired with its antonym in the preceding clause.Forrer 1932a regards the two words as verbs, however, and translates them as ‘zusetzen’ and ‘wegsetzen’. Subsequently, the current meaning was assigned by Laroche 1958b:177 on the basis of the context as well as the familial link with the adverb /ahha/ ‘away, back’.Note the erroneous analysis by Laroche 1958b:176 of /antattil(i)-/ as a possible agent noun; presumably he regarded /ahhattil(i)-/ as a like formation.
Despite only a single attestation, the meaning of this lexeme can be deemed clear now. Not only is its morphological structure and close connection to /ahha/ ‘away, back’ clear, but its context of attestation is likewise illuminating within the protasis of a curse formula. For BABYLON 1, §§11-12 runs: ma-pa-wa/i-sa a-tá-ti-li-i-sa *a-la/i-la/i/u-ní-sa ma-pa-wa/i-sa ARHA-ti-i-li-sa *a-la/i-la/i/u-ní-sa, approx. /man=ba=wa=as antattilis alunis man=ba=wa=as ahhattilis alunis/, meaning ‘(He who steps in and begins to eat and to drink) – whether he (be) an inner enemy, whether he be an outer enemy – (and hides this stele and place, or smashes it…)’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:392).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The word is clearly an adjective in /-il(i)-/, a suffix found in a number of other lexemes, cf. e.g. /hantil(i)-/ ‘foremost’. The derivational basis is probably a noun such as */ahhatt(i)-/ ‘exterior’ vel sim., itself derived from the adverb /ahha/ ‘away, back’, i.e. with the same derivational chain as /antattil(i)-/ ‘inner’, which is built on the attested noun HLuw. /antatt(i)-/ ‘interior’.
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head see HLuw. /irh(i)-/.