ḫarla
‘up (?)’
- Language
- Cuneiform Luwian
- Grammar
- adv
- ID
- 2337
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Luwian (Glossenkeilwörter)
ḫarla
1.1.1Transmission
In Hittite context, the word marked with gloss-wedges is found only once in a NS letter.
[E.R.]
1.1.2Forms
|
indecl. |
|
KBo 18.48 rev. 11’ |
(CTH 186, NS) |
1.1.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.
[E.R.]
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
In principle, the sign ḪAR can be read as both ḫar and ḫur. The decision for the first option is based on that for ḫar-la-a in Cuneiform Luwian context (see under Lemma), which in turn hinges on etymological considerations. However, most scholars read ḫurla (for references, see under Meaning).
[E.R.]
1.1.4Meaning
The word has remained untranslated in DLL:48, HW 2nd ed. Ḫ:758, and Hagenbuchner 1989a:8f. While Houwink ten Cate 2006a:112f., reading ḫurla, equated it with the Hittite adjective ḫurla- ‘Hurrian’, Hoffner 2009a:334 suspects a meaning ‘aggravation (?)’, arguing that it was “something that has turned the emperor and the king of Carchemish against each other or made them suspicious of each other”. Unfortunately, the preceding context is ill-understood and the translations by the two scholars diverge considerably, but in the relevant clause ki-nu-na-aš-kán egir-zi-an ḫar-la ku-it-ki i[š- the pronoun -aš does not permit an interpretation of ḫar-la as a neuter plural direct object, nor of kuitki (contra Hoffner 2009a:334). Moreover, it is very unlikely that the word, even if read as ḫur-la, should be analyzed as the synchronically active dat./loc. sg. of an individualizing common gender a-stem resulting in “to the Hurrian” (as submitted in Houwink ten Cate 2006a:112f.; also, his restoration of the verb i[šduwari ‘be[comes known’ cannot be correct, since išduwa- is not combined with =kan). Instead, ḫar-la ku-it-ki must have an adverbial function, and with all due caution a translation of the clause as “now, afterwards, he [ -s] up somehow” or “now, afterwards, [he -s] them (scil. the words) up somehow” is proposed here.
[E.R.]
1.1.5Stem
If the suggested meaning and the assignment to the root ḫar- ‘up, above; to arise’ (see PAnat. *h3ór-/h3r´-) is correct, the adverb represents an archaic dat./loc. sg. form of a formation in -la- with directional meaning (see under CLuw. ḫarlā). It must be emphasized, however, that the contextual support for the semantic interpretation is very weak.
[E.R.]
1.1.6Origin
The gloss-wedge marker and the possible equivalent form in Cuneiform Luwian context seem to point towards a Luwian origin of the adverb (although the word is not mentioned in the relevant dictionaries and lists).
[E.R.]