ḫuwayalla/i-

The sole attestation of the word is found in the model prayer of Muwattalli (NS).

[E.R.]

Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.

[E.R.]

The gloss wedge word occurs in the list of bread offerings at the end of the ritual framework of a prayer to the assembly of gods. There it is used to modify the dat./loc. sg. ^Dutu-i ‘for the Sun-god’ either as adjective or apposition. In the duplicate text KUB 6.45 iv 56, a corrected version of KUB 6.46, kutrui ‘for the witness’ is found in its place. From this, Singer 1996a:29 (tentatively followed in HW 2nd ed.:806) concludes that also ḫuwayalli means ‘for the witness’.

Others prefer an etymology-based interpretation, i.e. as a derivative of ḫuwāi-/-i(ya)-^(ḫi) ‘to run, (with parran) to help’; cf. HW:78, Kronasser 1966a:212, Neumann 1973a:250, HEG A-K:325, HED H:422 and Shevoroshkin 2011a:36 translating ‘fleet’ (?), Yakubovich 2010a:378, and Poetto 2010a:298f. (undecided Ünal 2007a:247; without translation DLL:49, CLL:81, HHw:s.v.; without comment Melchert 2005a:450 translating ‘observing, attending’ vel. sim.). While HW and Kronasser 1966a render the stem of ḫuwayalli as ‘running’, Yakubovich 2010a (followed by Poetto 2010a:298f.) also considers ‘helper’, with the ellipsis of parran. Both epithets, ‘runner’ and ‘helper’, are conceivable for the Sun-god, either referring to the course of the sun across the sky or to his profile as the highest and all-observing fair judge of the divine court. In view of the likely meaning ‘help, support’ of the abstract noun ḫuwayur/n-, which additionally shares the Luwian full grade stem *ḫuwāi-, the interpretation as ‘helper’ or ‘helping’ is preferred here.

There is no independent reason to suspect a taboo word (pace Zorman 2007a:764).

[E.R.]

The transparent suffixation with the adjectival formant -alla/i- was recognized in Kronasser 1966a:212 and HEG A-K:325. Since deverbal derivatives with l-suffixes are comparatively rare (cf. e.g. Hitt. arnuwala- c. ‘deportee’ from arnu-^(mi) ‘to make go, to transport, to deport’), a reconstructed abstract noun in -a-, *ḫuwaya-, based on the likewise reconstructed strong stem *ḫuwāi- (Neumann 1973a:250, Sasseville 2021a:406), could provide the intermediate step needed to posit a more common pattern.

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On account of the use of the gloss wedges and the suffix -alla/i- (or -substantivized -all(i)-), the Luwian origin of the lexeme is widely accepted in the literature; cf. DLL:49, CLL:81, HEG A-K:325, Neumann 1973a:250, Singer 1996a:45 n. 153, Melchert 2005a:450, van den Hout 2006a:243, HHw:s.v., Yakubovich 2010a:378, Poetto 2010c:299 n. 22, HW 2nd ed.:806 (undecided HED H:422).

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For the lemma head see CLuw. ḫuiya-⁽ⁱ⁾.