/hwihwiya-(i)/
‘to run’
- Language
- Common Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 2086
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/hwihwiya-(i)/, (“PES2”)hwa/i-hwa/i-
‘to run (?)’1.1.1Transmission
The present lexeme occurs once in the HLuw. corpus. It can be found in an inscription from Karkamiš, dating to the late 9th or early 8th century BCE.
[AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
|
3sg. pret. act. |
/hwihwitta/ |
(“PES2”)hwa/i-hwa/i-ta |
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
Clearly related to the word family around the verb /hwiya-(i)/ ‘to run’, the phonological interpretation of the present verb can be regarded as reasonably secure despite its status as a hapax legomenon. Only the quality of the stem-final vowel remains uncertain, because the sign 〈hwa/i〉 (sign *508) is vocalically underspecified, although /hwihwiya-/ is more likely, considering a similar form, 2sg. imperative /hwihwiya/, is attested in CLuw., see Melchert 1993a:82 and the analysis by Sasseville 2021a:406f.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
Because of its transparent morphology, the basic meaning of the present lexeme was clear from early on, see Laroche 1958b:195f. It occurs within the historical section of a building inscription and may perhaps denote habitual action at KARKAMIŠ A6, §9: wa/i-sá za-ti LOCUS-la/i-ti-i (“PES2”)hwa/i-hwa/i-ta ‘and he kept running to this place’ (similarly Hawkins 2000a:124), but this cannot be proved based on the context.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The lexeme represents a reduplicated form of the simplex verb /hwiya-(i)/ ‘to walk, run’, cf. already Laroche 1958b:195f. and more recently Dempsey 2015a:262.
[AH.B.]
1.1.6Derivatives
1.2 Cuneiform Luwian
ḫūiḫuiya-(i)
‘to run’1.2.1Transmission
The reduplicated verb is found in a short Luwian incantation of the Tunnawi ritual (NS) and two tablets of the Ištanuwa festival (from MS onward).
[E.R.]
1.2.2Forms
| 2sg. impv. act. | ḫu-u-e-ḫu-u-i-ia | KUB 12.58 i 34’ | (CTH 409, NS) |
| ḫu-i-ḫu-i-⸢ia⸣ | KUB 12.58 i 35’ | (CTH 409, NS) | |
| 3pl. pret. ind. act. | ḫu-u-ḫu-i-ia-an-da | KUB 25.39 iv 2 | (CTH 773, NS) |
| unknown | ḫu-i-ḫu-ia-a[n- | KUB 35.139 iv 2 | (CTH 773, MS) |
1.2.3Meaning
Already Götze & Sturtevant 1938a:76 drew attention to the co-occurrence of ḫuiya-(i) and ḫūiḫuiya-(i) in the Ištanuwa ritual (KUB 25.39 iv 2 and ibid. iv 8) and to the similar Hittite verb ḫuwāi-/-i(ya)-(ḫi) ‘to run’. Although they did not insist on a relationship between these lexemes, the assignment of the meaning ‘to run’ to reduplicated ḫūiḫuiya-(i) was accepted henceforth (see Rosenkranz 1952a, DLL:46, HW:424, Oettinger 1979a:562 n. 7, CLL:82, HEG A-K:321-325, HED H:422, HHw:s.v., EDHIL:367, Dempsey 2015a:252, HW 2nd ed. Ḫ:805f., Sasseville 2021a:406f.). Even though the evidence provided by the Cuneiform Luwian contexts themselves is sparse, at least the mention of heaven and earth in the dat./loc., the postposition šarri ‘above, up’ in the Tunnawi ritual beside ḫuiḫuiya-(i), as well as the use of the local particle =tta in the Ištanuwa context, can be adduced in support of the established interpretation, because they make a motion verb likely.
[E.R.]
1.2.4Stem
Nothing speaks against a ḫi-conjugation stem ḫūiḫuiya-(i), parallel to that of the simplex verb ḫuiya-(i) (cf. Sasseville 2021a:406f.).
[E.R.]
For the lemma head, see CLuw. ḫwiya-(i).