karšattar/-t(ta)n-
‘parcel (of land), selection (of animals), block (of metal)’
- Language
- Luwian unclassified
- Grammar
- subst, neuter
- ID
- 1906
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Luwian in Hittite transmission
karšattar/-t(ta)n-
‘parcel (of land), selection (of animals), block (of metal)’1.1.1Transmission
Cluw. karšattar/-t(ta)n- is attested in very divergent text types, viz. cadasters, instructions and a piece of translation literature, a trilingual “signalement lyrique” (all NS).
[E.R.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom./acc. sg. | kar-ša-at-tar | KUB 13.4 iv 56 | (CTH 264, NS) |
| KUB 8.75 ii 10, l.e. 4 | (CTH 239, NS) | ||
| ⸢kar-ša-at-tar⸣ | KUB 8.75 iv 16 | (CTH 239, NS) | |
| KUB 13.17 iv 17 | (CTH 264, NS) | ||
| kar-ša-tar | RS 25.421 iv 23 | – | |
| dat./loc. sg. | kar-ša-ad-da-⸢ni⸣ | KUB 13.4 iv 57 | (CTH 264, NS) |
| kar-ša-ad-da-ni | KUB 13.17 iv 18 | (CTH 264, NS) |
1.1.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv, except for KUB 8.75 l.e. 4 and RS 25.421 iv 23.
[E.R.]
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
While Kronasser seems to classify karšattar as a variant of Hitt. karšatar (seen in RS 25.421 iv 23), it is more likely that kar-ša-tar is a defective spelling of Luwian kar-ša-at-tar as attested elsewhere, the genuine Hittite equivalent being the abstract formation karšeššar (Szabó 1971a:70, Starke 1990a:455 with n. 1646).
[E.R.]
1.1.4Meaning
Already Forrer 1938a:185; likewise Souček 1959a:12, 20, 26 analyzed the word as a derivative of the verbal root karš- ‘to cut’ and translated it as ‘section, parcel (of a field)’ (‘Abschnitt’) based on its occurrence in a context parallel to A.ŠÀ ‘field’. At KUB 13.4 iv 56, karšattar is used in a figura etymologica karšattar karš- in the sense of ‘to select a selection’ related to the selection of animals for sacrifice (Kammenhuber 1954a:51). A third use is attested at RS 25.421 iv 23, in which it denotes a block or piece of gold and translates Akk. šibartu ‘block’ (Laroche 1968a:775, 777). The translations were adopted in the subsequent scholarship (HW:103, EHS:292 n. 1 and 294, HEG A-K:519f., StBoT 1990a:455f., CLL:102, Ünal 2007a:322, HHw:s.v., HED K:104, EDHIL:455, HW2 K:200). More detailed presentations of the philological facts can be found in StBoT 1990a:455f. and HW2 K:200.
[E.R.]
1.1.5Stem
The transparent morphology was implicitly noted already by Forrer 1938a:185. The correct evaluation as a derivative of CLuw. karš- ‘to cut, severe’ with the Luwian heteroclitic suffix -attar/-at(ta)n- followed only much later when Starke 1990a:455f. (followed in CLL:102, EDHIL:455, HW2 K:200) dealt comprehensively with the entire class in Luwian.
[E.R.]
1.1.6Origin
Starke 1990a:455f. clarified the Luwian origin of karšattar/-t(ta)n- by pointing to the suffix -attar/-t(ta)n-, which he showed to be limited to Luwian. This is accepted in CLL:102, Melchert 2005a:448, 451, EDHIL:455, and HW2 K:200, and also adopted here.
[E.R.]
For the lemma head see CLuw. karš-(ti).