*lEu̯hā-
‘(related to heat)’
- Language
- Proto-Luwic
- Grammar
- subst
- ID
- 1732
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
*/luha-/
‘(unknown)’1.1.1Derivatives
1.1.1.1Uncertain Derivatives
1.2 Luwian (Glossenkeilwörter)
lūḫa-
1.2.1Transmission
The lexeme occurs in both a magic ritual and a festival text. All manuscripts feature NS.
[E.R.]
1.2.2Forms
| nom. sg. | lu-u-ḫa-aš |
KUB 17.20 ii 11 | (CTH 492, NS) |
| KBo 71.11, 4’ | (CTH 492, NS) | ||
| acc. sg. | ⸢⸣lu-u-ḫa-an |
KBo 3.65 obv. 4’ | (CTH 655, NS) |
| dat./loc. | lu-u!-ḫa | IBoT 3.83, 5’ | (CTH 492, NS) |
1.2.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv. – At IBoT 3.83, 5’, two horizontal wedges (perhaps from an intended -ú-) can be seen underneath the wedge of the sign -u- (different interpretation in CHD L-N:73).
[E.R.]
1.2.4Meaning
In CTH 492, the word appears in a list of blissful features: (divine) providence, joy, consent and obedience, compliance, lūḫa-, the Good Year, ānn(i)-, apašdu-, health and a year (cf. Melzer 2017a).
Based on the phonological assonance of lūḫa- with Hitt. lukke/a-(mi) ‘to set fire to’, apparently corroborated by the alleged correspondence with ZI-aš lalukkima- ‘brightness of spirit’ occurring in similar lists, Bossert 1956a:202f., 208 assumed that ()lūḫa- means ‘(Sinnes-)Erleuchtung’. In the same vein, Laroche (in DLL:62) translated ‘lumière ?’ (accepted in HW:387, 425, Berman 1972a:116, HED L:102f.).
Since Luw. -ḫ- cannot be equated with Hitt -k(k)-, there is no indication for the assumed correspondence between ()lūḫa- and lalukkima-. Additionally, in the case ()lūḫa- the mention of the soul (ZI-aš) is missing, which is another discrepancy between the two. Accordingly, most authors reject Bossert’s semantic assignment (Melchert 1987a:187, CLL:128, HEG L-N:64f., HHw:s.v., Ünal 2007a:410, EDHIL:530) or are skeptical (Meriggi 1980a:266, CHD L-N:73b). Instead, Melchert (pers. comm.) suggests that lūḫa- could be paired with kariyašḫa- ‘acceding’ and considers a near-synonym, such as ‘yielding’, which may or may not be correct.
[E.R.]
1.2.5Stem
The inflection with -a- in the strong cases and the ending -a in the dat./loc. sg. reveals an unmutated a-stem (common gender).
[E.R.]
1.2.6Origin
As pointed out in EDHIL:530, the gloss wedges and the dat./loc. sg. ending in -a show that the stem originates from Luwian, which is commonly held to be true (see also the references cited under Meaning).
[E.R.]
1.3 Lycian B
*luga-
‘(unknown)’1.3.1Derivatives
1.3.1.1Uncertain Derivatives
2. Reconstruction
2.1Reconstruction ‘(related to heat)’
Despite the difficulty in its semantics, CLuw. lūḫa- is likely related to HLuw. /luhanu(wa)-(i)/ ‘to burn down (?)’ and Lyc. B luga-(ti) ‘to overheat, dry out (?)’. The nominal base found in CLuw. can be reconstructed as Proto-Luwic *lEu̯hā- c. (with *-eh2- due to the lack of i-mutation the dative/locative singular in -a). From the same nominal stem, Lycian B created a factitive in *-eh2-, i.e. luga-(ti), whereas HLuw. created a causative formation in -nuwa-(i), which can be either denominal or deverbal. As a result, a Proto-Luwic noun with semantics related to heat can be posited. For a convincing Indo-Euroepan etymology, which would be here supported, see Nikolaev 2021a.
[D.S.]