/piyaRiya-/, pi-ia+ra/i-ia-
‘(a kind of transfer)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, neuter
- ID
- 1704
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/piyaRiya-/, pi-ia+ra/i-ia-
‘(a kind of transfer)’1.1.1Transmission
Attested once, this hapax legomenon can be found on one of the lead strips from Tabal, dating to the mid- or late 8th century BCE.
[AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom./acc. sg. | /piyaRiyan=za/ | pi-ia+ra/i-ia-za | KULULU lead frag. 1, §9 (Tabal) |
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The spelling of this hapax legomenon is quite expressive, and the resulting phonological interpretation is therefore reasonably secure as far as the surface form is concerned. The only aspect that remains unclear is what underlies the consonantal part of the grapheme 〈ra/i〉, as it may be an original /r/ or result from rhotacism of intervocalic /l/ or /d/, cf. e.g. Melchert 2003b:179f. Besides the interpretation given above, the spelling 〈pi-ia+ra/i-ia-za〉 in KULULU lead frag. 1, §9 may therefore represent an underlying /piyadiya-/, or even /piyal(l)iya-/, though the latter appears less likely. A form /piyal(l)iya-/ is disfavoured due to its morphology, as it is unlikely to contain the suffix /-alla/i-/ or to constitute a compound with the verb /aliya-/ ‘to ignore’ vel sim. In front of the neuter particle /=sa, =za/, the /n/ of the nom./acc. sg. n. ending is regularly omitted in writing (see e.g. Melchert 2003b:183).
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
This lexeme occurs on the same side of the KULULU lead fragment 1 as all available attestations of the related noun /piya-/, whose exact meaning is similarly elusive, see under lemma. While clearly derived from the same verb, i.e. /piya-(i)/ ‘to give’, it is unlikely that both words have the exact same meaning, but it is impossible to determine from the context either the precise meanings of the two words or the difference between the two. Just as in the case of /piya-/ ‘(a kind of transfer)’, it is likely that /piyaRiya-/ denotes a similar action in the context of economic records. Because of the context, the tentative suggestion by Hawkins 2000a:511, 513 to translate /piyaRiya-/ as ‘donation’ probably does not fit.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The lexeme under discussion is indubitably linked to the verb /piya-(i)/ ‘to give’, yet its precise stem formation is unclear, and several possibilities arise. Thus, it is conceivable that a deverbal noun */piyad(i)-/ served as the basis for an adjective /piyadi(ya)-/, later nominalised in its neuter form. Alternatively, the lexeme may be a compound of the verbs /piya-/ ‘to give’ and /ari-/ ‘to rise; to raise’ and could therefore describe an action of buying access to higher status vel sim., either quite literally or perhaps figuratively in the sense of religious indulgences.
[AH.B.] [I.Y.]
For the derivational base see HLuw. /piya-(i)/.