/tummanta(i)-(di)/
‘to listen’
- Language
- Common Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 1647
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/tummanta-(di)/, AUDIRE+MI-ta+ra/i-
‘to listen (?)’1.1.1Transmission
The verb is probably attested only once in the HLuw. corpus. It occurs in one of the letters unearthed in Assur, dating to the late 8th century BCE.
[AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
| 2pl. impv. act. | /tummantadanu/ | AUDIRE+MI-ta-ra+a-nu | ASSUR letter e, §7 |
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
Although the word is attested just once in HLuw., its phonological interpretation can be seen as assured. For one, it is closely related to the HLuw. verb /tummanti-(ti)/ ‘to hear’, and for another, it is linked to a number of cognate formations in CLuw. that group around the noun /tumman(t)-/ ‘ear’.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The assigned meaning is to be understood as tentative, because it is based on a single occurrence, and further data may result in a reassessment. As it is, the attestation in ASSUR letter e, §7 represents a challenge regarding the interpretation, as do much of the contents of all the ASSUR letters: a-wa/i á-pi u-zi-na kwa/i-i ha-tu+ra/i-na AUDIRE+MI-ta-ra+a-nu, approx. /a=wa appi unzin kwi hatturan tummantadanu/, which, building on Waal 2016a:4, may be tentatively translated as ‘Therefore listen to (i.e. take care of?) your health!’. Melchert 2003b:205 hypothesises that the construction with /kwi/ ‘when’ in ASSUR letter e, §7 may signify a wish, i.e. ‘Would that you might listen to your health!’ vel sim.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The present verb was recognised by Morpurgo Davies 1980b:92 n. 12 as having a stem formation that is different from the more frequent /tummanti-(ti)/ ‘to hear’. Sasseville 2021a:94 regards the verb as an original stem in /-a(i)-(di)/ based on the CLuw. participle nom. sg. c. tummantaimmiš, because the form attested in ASSUR letter e, §7 very clearly shows rhotacism of a lenited dental in 〈AUDIRE+MI-ta-ra+a-nu〉(Morpurgo Davies 1980b:92).
[AH.B.]
1.2 Luwian in Hittite transmission
tūmmātaimma/i-
‘renowned’1.2.1Transmission
The sole attestation of the lexeme comes from a short Luwian passage in the Kuwattalla tradition.
[E.R.]
1.2.2Forms
| nom. sg. c. | tu-u-um-ma-a-ta-i-im-mi-iš | KUB 35.34, 4’ | (CTH 762, MS) |
1.2.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv. – The omission of the nasal before stop is found frequently in Luwian Cuneiform texts (Melchert 2003b:182).
[E.R.]
1.2.4Meaning
Because the fragmentary context does not provide any clues as to the meaning, the translation is based exclusively on the recognition of the base and the derivational chain to be reconstructed tumman(t)- n. ‘ear’ → *tummanta- c. (or coll. n.) ‘hearing’ → *tummanta(i)-(di) ‘to hear’ → tūmmātaimma/i- ‘heard, renowned’ (Sasseville 2021a:94). It goes without saying that the intermediate step of the chain may have been skipped, which amounts to the denominal derivation assumed in CLL:232; cf. also EDHIL:412, with analysis as participle DLL:99, HEG T/D:432, HED E and I:459.
[E.R.]
1.2.5Stem
As laid out under Meaning (with references), the lexeme ends in the suffix -aimma/i-. Based only on the participial form, it could belong to a stem in -a(i)-(di) or -(a)i-(di). The former is given preference here because of the HLuw. evidence.
[E.R.]
For the lemma head see CLuw. tumman(t)-.