*néu̯o-
‘new’
- Language
- Proto-Anatolian
- Grammar
- adj
- ID
- 1324
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
*/nawa/i-/
‘new’1.1.1Derivatives
1.2 Cuneiform Luwian
*nawa/i-
‘new’1.2.1Transmission
Contra CLL:156, the word nawa/i- ‘new’ is not attested in the Cuneiform Luwian corpus. Instead, the relevant forms (alleged abl./instr. nauwati) must be analyzed as nauwa ‘not’ with the reflexive pronoun -ti (following Yakubovich pers. comm.). Even nawatiyati at KUB 35.25, 7’ and 8’ with two -ti- morphemes cannot be used as counter-argument and proof for an ablative nawati (thus CLL:156), because -(y)ati following nawati is not grammatical: -a- in final -ati can only be the reflex of a personal pronoun -ata /-ada/, which must have been misspelled -ati instead of -ata. The alternative, i.e. that -ti in final -ati is a reflexive pronoun, leaves -a- unexplained and the transitive verb =ti muwa- ‘to conquer, overcome’ without an object. Accordingly, this interpretation would require an emendation as well. Therefore, the context is the decisive factor. The ritual client’s inability to overcome the disease of his body parts before the purification by means of the piglet takes place, would remain unexpressed under Melchert’s analysis of nawati (‘he overcomes it with the new head, etc.’); likewise, the contrast between the sick ritual client ‘he does not overcome with the head, etc.)’ with the substitute piglet, which is healthy at first (‘this one, scil. the piglet, overcomes it with the head, etc.’) and defiled after the pairing of its body parts with those of the ritual client (following Mouton, Puértolas-Rubio and Yakubovich, pers. comm.).
[E.R.]
1.2.2Derivatives
1.3 Hittite
nēwa-
‘new’1.3.1Literature / Comments
CHD L-N:455-458.
2. Reconstruction
3. Proto-Indo-European
3.1Semantic Reconstruction
The PIE o-stem adjectives *néu̯o- and *néu̯i̯o- mean ‘new’ (EIEC:393, NIL:524–526, Watkins 2000a:58) < *‘being now’ (cf. below sub Morphological Reconstruction).
3.2Morphological Reconstruction
Morphologically, the widespread adjective *néu̯o- ‘new’ (Hitt. nēu̯a-, Ved. náva-, YAv. nauua-, Gk. νέος, Lat. novus, etc.) is considered to be an already PIE vr̥ddhi formation derived from the temporal adverb PIE *nū̆ ‘now’: i.e., PIE *nū̆ ‘now’ (cf. PAnat. *nu(n) ‘now’, Ved. nū̆́, OHG nū̆, etc.) → adj. *néu̯-o- ‘being now, present, recent > new’ (NIL:525 n. 1). Beside *néu̯-o- there is also a form *néu̯-i̯o- ‘new’ (Ved. návya-, PCelt. *nou̯i̯o- > OIr. núae, etc., PGerm. *neu̯i̯a- > Goth. niujis, etc., Lith. naũjas). For further derivatives, discussion, and literature, cf. NIL:525f.
[T.S.]