kuwannan(i)-
‘eyebrow’
- Language
- Cuneiform Luwian
- Grammar
- subst
- ID
- 1293
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Cuneiform Luwian
kuwannan(i)-
‘eyebrow’1.1.1Transmission
Attested in Luwian ritual fragments in NS and perhaps in MS.
[Zs.S.]
1.1.2Forms
| acc. sg. c. | ku-wa-an-na-ni-in | KUB 35.45 ii 24 | (CTH 760, NS) |
| ˹ku-wa-an˺-na-ni-in | KUB 35.48 ii 17’ | (CTH 760, NS) | |
| ku-wa-an-na-˹ni˺-in | KUB 32.8 iii 15’ | (CTH 759, NS) | |
| [ku-wa-an-na]-˹ni˺-in | KUB 35.12 iii 4 | (CTH 762, NS) | |
| [ku-wa]-˹an˺-na-ni-i-in | KBo 29.10 ii 6’ | (CTH 760, MS?) |
The attestations follow CLL:115, checked against the photographs of the Mainzer Fotoarchiv. Starke 1990a:606 reads [ku-wa-an-na-ni]-ịn in KBo 29.37, 7’ instead of [ ]x-aš of Starke 1985b:380, which is contextually possible, but the tablet is too fragmentary to verify any of the readings.
[Zs.S.]
1.1.3Meaning ‘eyebrow’
As pointed out by Meriggi 1957a:223 (cf. Meriggi 1957b:59), the spell in KUB 32.8 iii 11’-16’ corresponds to the ritual description in KUB 32.8 iii 6’-8’, where kuwannan(i)- is the equivalent of Hitt. enera- ‘eyebrow’. This identification enjoys a widespread agreement (Carruba 1982b:2; HW 2nd ed. E:37; Starke 1990a:422 n. 1520; CLL:115; Poetto 1995b:31; HED K:310; Reichardt 1998a:134; Taracha 2000a:154; Haas 2003a:559; Tischler 2008a:193 [though earlier only as ‘body part’ with question mark, HEG A-K:690, also Laroche 1959a:59, 156]; Goedegebuure 2010a:303; Yakubovich 2012a:333; Dardano 2013b:131; Sideltsev 2014a:858), the only exception is Giusfredi 2017b:14, who calls this meaning “tentative”.
Kammenhuber 1986a:89 with n. 8 earlier translated it as ‘eyelash’ based on the assumption that Luw. lalpi- kuwannani- corresponds to Hitt. enera- lapli/apa- ‘eyebrow (and) eyelash’, which is, however, not the case, since the order of the Hittite phrase is not set (cf. HW 2nd ed. E:36f.), and, more importantly, the only case where lalpi- kuwannani- parallels a Hittite phrase is the above quoted passage, where it, however, corresponds to lapliep[an] enieran (KUB 32.8 iii 7’-8’). Accordingly, she has implicitly withdrawn this interpretation in HW 2nd ed. E:37.
[Zs.S.]
Last updated: 25 October 2020
2. Reconstruction
2.1Reconstruction
CLuw. kuwannan(i)- ‘eyebrow’ does not have a proper etymology. It has been compared to the similar-sounding Hittite word for ‘copper’ kuwannan- n. (HEG A-K:609, HED K:310f.). Puhvel (HED ibid.) recalls the Homeric phrase κυανέῃσιν ἐπ ὀφρύσι ‘with blue copper eyebrows’, in which the borrowed metal word in Greek (see lately Simon 2018a:396) is used to describe the color of the eyebrows. Considering that the Luwian word for ‘eyebrow’ sounds like the one for ‘copper’, Puhvel wonders whether this should be taken as an Anatolianism in Homer. If the Luwian word for ‘eyebrow’ is indeed related to the word for ‘copper’, the semantic shift from ‘copper (blue) (vel sim.)’ to ‘eyebrows’ might have occurred through metonymy, i.e. ‘the blue copper eyebrows’ → ‘the blue copper (eyebrows)’ → ‘the blue copper’ = ‘eyebrow’. However, evidence for this hypothesis is missing from the Luwian sources, even though it could be adduced indirectly from the Homeric poems. Nevertheless, more evidence from Luwian is needed before confirmation. On the obscure etymology of Hitt. kuwannan- n. cf. HEG I-K:688-692, Danka & Witczak 1997a.
[D.S.]

