ḫaninu-

This word is attested only once and appears with a gloss marker in a LNS fragment of instructions or a treaty.

 [A.B.]

part. nom./acc. sg. n.

ḫa-ni-nu-wa-an

KBo 12.64 rev. iv? 7’

LNS, CTH 275

The attestation follows HW (2nd ed.) Ḫ:157 and Kronasser 1966a:157 (cf. Ünal 2007a:159 and Ünal 2016a:149, not yet in CLL or Laroche 1959a). The transliteration has been checked against the photo of the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.

[A.B.]

The alleged gloss marker resembles a Winkelhaken here (cf. the angles of other Winkelhaken in this exemplar against the slanted wedges). Consequently, it could also be interpreted as a U-sign in theory. The wedge is, however, smaller than the other sign forms, which hints at an additional marker like a gloss marker (although these often have the same size as other signs, too). Moreover, there is no similar Hittite or Luwian word of the shape *u(/wa)ḫaninu-, which makes this option rather unlikely.

[A.B.]

HW (2nd ed.) Ḫ:157, Kronasser 1966a:157 and Ünal 2007a:159 (cf. Ünal 2016a:149) do not indicate a meaning for this word.

The context of KBo 12.64 rev. iv? 7’–8’ shows the following (the transliteration is based on the photo of the Mainzer Fotoarchiv, and the hand copy as well as the transliterations, restorations and translations of Torri & Barsacchi 2018b:73 and HW (2nd ed.) Ḫ:157 have also been taken into account):

(7’)[… -]⸢ia⸣ gim-an ḫa-ni-nu-wa-an ḫar-zi […] (8’)[…]x zi-an wa-ar-ši-ia-nu-zi

(7’)[…] when he/she has/holds ḫaninu-ed (8’)[…]x causes the mind/soul to be soothed

The Glossenkeilwort ḫaninu- appears in the first part of a fragmentary sequence in which the second part speaks of a mind or soul that is soothed (the verb waršiyanu- used in the second part is a causative in -nu- which makes it likely that also the form ḫaninuwan belongs to such a causative verb). A similar context appears in another instruction text that shows the Glossenkeilwort ()ḫanḫaniya- (cf. under the respective lemma) in relation to the mind/soul with the meaning ‘to be vexed, perturbed’. If ḫaninu- and ()ḫanḫaniya- originally belong to the same base (a verb *ḫaniya-, cf. under Origin for morphological details), the meaning of ḫaninu- would be probably something like ‘to cause to be vexed, perturbed’ (or sim.).

Melchert (pers. comm.) considers a tentative meaning ‘cause to be malicious’ and a connection of ḫaninu- to a Luwian verb haniya- (which can be reconstructed, cf. Origin). Since (the fragmentary) preceding line 6’ shows ḫul-lu-wa-za ‘from evil’, ḫaninuwan ḫarzi  may refer to this term as well.

Hence, both proposals for the meaning of ḫaninu- could be considered for this context.

[A.B.]

The origin of the Glossenkeilwort ḫaninu- has not yet been discussed in the literature. It does not appear in Luwian dictionaries (nor in the lists of Luwianisms by Melchert 2005a and van den Hout 2007a).

With regard to its stem formation, it can be a Hittite causative in -nu- (cf. Hoffner & Melchert 2008a:178). This requires a base verb *ḫaniya-, to which not only ḫaninu- but also the other Glossenkeilwort ()ḫanḫaniya- could be related.

However, Melchert (pers. comm.) tentatively considers a Luwian origin (cf. under Meaning): ḫaninu- could show a Luwian causative suffix -nu(wa)- (cf. Melchert 2003b:199). The assumed Luwian base would be either a noun (adjective) or a verb *ḫaniya-. For the reconstruction of a Luwian verb /*haniya-(i)/, cf. under the lemma  ()ḫanḫaniya-.

Since both options are possible, ḫaninu- could be either of Hittite or of Luwian origin. The gloss marker may point to a Luwian origin although it does not necessarily prove it (cf. Schwartz 1938a:75, 78 and Melchert 2005a:445), and, although Luwian stem formation is one possibility here, it cannot be proven at the moment that this is definitely the case.

[A.B.]