gangati(ya)-

The existence of this lexeme is sporadically called into question (see below under Forms), but ultimately extremely probable. It occurs in two festival texts.

[E.R.]

nom./acc. sg. n.	TU₇ga-an-ga-ti-ia-an-za	KUB 32.46 obv. 5’	(CTH 701, NS)
	]x-ga-ti-ia-an-za	KBo 23.30, 3’	(CTH 641, NS)
	]x-ga-ti-ia-an-za	KBo 23.30, 4’	(CTH 641, NS)
stem-form or Hitt. nom./acc. sg. n.	TU₇ga-an-ga-ti	KUB 43.58 i 13	(CTH 491, MS)

Only one representative attestation is given for the “stem-form” ^TU₇ga-an-ga-ti. From MS onwards, there are several of them; see HW 2nd ed. K:81-85 for an extensive list.

Following HW 2nd ed. 5:82 and DCL:s.v., we can safely state that the attestation in KUB 32.46 obv. 4-5 (⁽⁴⁾A‑NA TU₇^ḪI.A‑ma‑kán ku‑it an‑da x[      ] ⁽⁵⁾[nu^? ḫa‑an‑t]e‑ez‑zi pal‑ši ^TU₇ga‑an‑ga‑ti‑ia‑an‑za da‑aḫ‑ḫi) is a Luwian neuter acc. sg. form, despite previous mistakes (Laroche 1950a:39 considered it an accusative plural) or doubts (HED K:53 considered it an ablative and translated the sentence ‘I take from the garden dish’). The correct translation is thus, with Haas & Wegner 1988a:442 and HW 2nd ed. 5:84, ‘was in den Töpfen aber darin ist, [nun^?] (davon) nehme ich [zue]rst^? das g.-Gericht (less likely ‘die Gemüsesuppe’; see under Meaning)’.

[E.R.]

Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.

[E.R.]

We are surely dealing with a derivative of gangati-^SAR, a noun denoting a plant used in several religious rituals (see also gangat(a)i-^(di) ‘to treat with the gangati-plant’). The lexeme represents most likely a substantivized adjective (for the alternative analysis as an adjective, see below under Stem). It occurs frequently in Hittite, often preceded by the determinative TU₇, which is used with dishes like soups, stews vel sim. and makes clear that ^TU₇gangati(ya)- denotes a kind of dish containing the gangati-plant; hence the translation ‘dish made with the gangati-plant’ (HHw:71, HEG A-K:484-485, HW 2nd ed. 5:81, DCL:s.v.; HED K:51-53 adds ‘garden dish, vegetable dish, vegetable mash or purée’, partly followed by Ünal 2007a:308, who does not distinguish the lexeme from its base gangati-^SAR). We cannot be sure of the consistency of the dish, but judging from some attestations, a stew seems likely, whereas a soup can be excluded; see HW 2nd ed. 5:83f.

[E.R.]

The best option is to consider TU₇ a determinative and, consequently, the lexeme a substantivized adjective; the alternative is an adjective modifying the Hittite word for ‘cooked dish, stew’ (thus DCL:s.v.). The stem is transparent, derived from the base gangati-^SAR by means of the productive Luwian relational suffix -i(ya)-.

[E.R.]

Both the inflectional endings and the derivational suffix point clearly to a borrowing from Luwian. For the possible Hurrian origin of the base, gangati-^SAR, see gangat(a)i-^(di) ‘to treat with the gangati-plant’.

[E.R.]

*This lemma was written together with the trainee Marco Ammazzini.