putalli-^(ti)

This verb is attested twice, once in an oracle itinerary, once in a ritual text; as an onomastic element, it appears as a participle also in another ritual and an Akkadian tablet from Emar.

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3sg. pres. ind.	pu-tal-li-it-ti	KUB 40.106 iii 3	(CTH 562, NS)
1sg. pres. ind. (Hitt.)	pu-tal-li-ia-nu-un	KBo 5.8 iii 13	(CTH 61, NS)
3sg. pret. ind.	pu-tal-li-it-ta	KUB 44.4 rev. 3	(CTH 528, NS)
part. nom. sg. c.	Dpu-tal-li-mi-iš	KUB 12.2 iii 22	(CTH 526, NS)
part. nom./acc. sg. n. (Hitt.)	pu-tal-li-ia-an	KUB 38.36 obv. 5	(CTH 470, NS)
part. nom. pl. c. (Hitt.)	pu-tal-li-ia-an-te-eš	KBo 17.1 i 25	(CTH 416, OS)

Only some representative attestations of the corresponding Hittite verb are listed; more attestations are offered in CHD P:401f.

For the interpretation of pu-tal-li-it-ta at KUB 44.4+ Rs. 3 as a Luwian 3 sg. pret. form, see Beckman 1983a:183.

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Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.

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This verb is surely connected with the far more common Hittite verb putalliye/a-^(mi), which occurs already in OS texts: in the literature, the two verbs are often treated together. The Luwian verb, when used transitively as in KUB 44.4 rev. 3, is usually translated ‘to hitch up (clothing), to gird’ (Sasseville 2021a:140, see also CLL:181 and DCL:s.v.; similarly CHD P:401 ‘to tie together’, Beckman 1983a:177 ‘to cinch up’, and Lehrman 1998a:151f. ‘to tuck up (clothing)’). Besides, the verb is used intransitively with the Hittite preverb arḫa in KUB 40.106 iii 3, where the sentence reads as follows (the context is quite broken, see Forlanini 2008a:149f for restorations and a commentary): ^URUka-ri-ú-na-za-kán ar-ḫa ^URU[ne-na-aš-ḫu-ri-ia?] nu-kán ^URUne-na-aš-ḫu-ri-ia-za a[r-ḫa] pu-tal-li-it-ti; Forlanini 2008a:149 translates ‘From Kariuna to [Nenašhuriya(?)], from Nenašhuriya he moves fast (with light equipment)’, while CHD P:402 translates ‘The army girds itself’, and Rieken 2022b:184 ‘und er eilt aus (der Stadt) Nenašhuriya fort’. Melchert (DCL:s.v.) considers ‘to make battle ready’ appropriate. To sum up, this Luwian verb can be translated as ‘to hitch up (clothing)’ (with Sasseville 2021a:140) or similarly ‘eilmarschfertig machen, mit leichter Bekleidung versehen’ (thus Starke 1990a:342); that is coherent with the meaning usually given to the Hittite putalliye/a-^(mi), which are ‘to tie on, tie together, secure (garments, esp. sashes), to gird (troops)’ (CHD P:401, Ünal 2007a:557 adds ‘to put on a short skirt or light tunic (man’s dress), gird up the loins, to strap on, to cinch up’; similar also HED PE, PI, PU:144f. ‘wrap on (band), gird’), ‘festbinden, (um)gürten; rüsten (Truppen)’ (HHw:137 and HEG P:674f.), ‘erleichtern (?), leicht bekleiden(?), eilmarschfähig machen (?)’ (HW:174). The polysemy must have started from the meaning ‘to hitch up clothing’, as suggested in Rieken 2022b:183f. Previous translations were akin to these; see Götze 1955a:56 (‘to put on light clothes’), Otten & Souček 1969a:121 and Neu 1983a:153 (hochschürzen (?); leicht bekleiden (?)’).Outdated Holt 1958a:148f., who translated ‘nouer’ and thought that the Luwian counterpart of Hittite pudalliye/a-^(mi) was pu-u-wa-til.

[E.R.]

The verb can confidently be analyzed as a denominative in -i-^(ti), whose derivational base, although unattested, must be a nominal mutated stem in -alla/i-, namely *putalla/i-, meaning something like ‘pertaining to speed (?)’, ‘die Eile betreffend’, which would account for the two different meanings of the verb (thus Sasseville 2021a:140 and Starke 1990a:342). Other derivatives of this verb exist too.Wrongly Tischler (HHw:137 and HEG P:674f.), who, including also the Hittite verb, suggests that this is a denominative verb from the (probably non-existing) noun ^GADAputalliya- ‘ein wertvolles Tuch, Schärpe (?)’; for the details regarding this formation, see s.v.

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1. putalliyašša-

The inflection both in the present and in the preterit of putalli-^(ti) shows that this is a Luwian word, which should be kept apart from Hittite putalliye/a-^(mi). Both Melchert 2005a:450 and van den Hout 2006a:244 and 250 consider the latter a Luwian loanword from putalli-^(ti), which is certainly correct, since the geminate -ll- conforms with the Luwian suffix -alla/i- in the source verb. Another proof of the Luwian origin of the lexeme is the initial /p/: if the word is truly related to Hittite išputa- and, ultimately, to Greek σπεύδω and σπουδή and we can suppose a derivational base *puda- (see below under Reconstruction), then the fricative /s/ of the initial cluster /sp-/ is lost, a change that surely took place in Luwian historical phonology but not in Hittite (see Melchert 1994a:271).

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*This lemma was written together with the trainee Marco Ammazzini.

^DIM pu-da-li-mi, the hypostasis of the Storm-god mentioned in an Akkadian text (Emar 472, 24), whose author was likely a Luwian-speaking priest from Kizzuwatna, belongs here as well, being a participle of the Luwian verb pudalli-^(ti) (see Laroche 1988a:115 and Archi 2014a:154f.); see below.

[E.R.]

See under CLuw. pudalli-^(ti).

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*This lemma was written together with the trainee Marco Ammazzini.

Literature: A Hittite cognate is possible attested in personal names such as ^mišpudaḫšu (see Laroche 1966b:81 and Kloekhorst 2019b:146f. and 239-241), ^mišpudašinar (see Laroche 1966b:81 and Kloekhorst 2019b:106f.), ^mišpudašmei (perhaps identical to šupudašmei: see Kloekhorst 2019b:106f.) and perhaps in the name ^ḪUR.SAGišpudaštēwa (though dubious: see Kloekhorst 2019b:146f. n. 687).

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