ḫatarniyašḫa-

The only certain attestation of the lexeme is found in the ritual of Bappi.

[E.R.]

dat./loc. pl.	ḫa-tar-ni-ia-aš-ḫa-aš	KUB 17.12 ii 9	(CTH 431, NS)
	[ḫa-tar-ni-i]a-aš-ḫa-aš	KUB 17.12 ii 3	(CTH 431, NS)

The assignment of ]-ni-ia-aš-ḫa-an at KBo 18.38 rev. 3’ to this lexeme is uncertain.

[E.R.]

Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv. – On account of the assumed connection with Hitt. ḫattareššar/n- (see under Meaning), a spelling with geminate -tt- could be expected, but the sole complete attestation of the noun occurs at the end of the line, rendering a short spelling with singleton -t- easily explicable. See, however, the same spelling in the underlying verb ḫatarni-^(ti) and Sasseville forthcoming.

[E.R.]

Güterbock 1962a:349 n. 4 was the first to suggest that the present lexeme denotes a roadside or crossroads, based on the context in the Bappi ritual, in which the ritualist sacrifices bread and beer on the right and left sides of the kaskal-aš ḫatarniyašḫa- (for parallels, see Beckman 1983a:112). Therefore, the ḫatarniyašḫa- must be a part of the road and have two sides, or consist of a right and a left part. This is true for both a roadside and a crossroads. Later, Friedrich (HW:440) considered also a road fork, which makes the best sense in view of the division into a right and a left side (see also HED H:264, DCL:s.v.). However, most scholars hesitate to decide for one of the options (Berman 1977a:234, Starke 1979a:253, HEG A-K:221, CLL:64, HHw:47, Ünal 2007a:201, HW 2nd ed. Ḫ:499, but also note Görke 2015b: ‘Wegkreuzung’).

In addition, the Bappi ritual offers evidence for the equation of ḫatarniyašḫa- with Hitt. ḫattareššar/n- (in the duplicate manuscript KUB 54.34 ii 12: kaskal]-aš ḫa-at-ta^!-re-eš-na-aš, Görke 2015b), for which the same semantic proposals exist (see HEG A-K:221, HW 2nd ed. Ḫ:498f. for references). The match with ḫattareššar/n- spelled with geminate -tt- points to a derivational relationship with CLuw. ^GIŠḫattara- ‘tool for piercing/striking’ or its unattested adjectival base *ḫattara/i- ‘related to/suitable for piercing/striking’ (with Luwian i-mutation). The meaning of the base provides further evidence in favor of ‘road fork’ (rather than ‘roadside’ or ‘crossroads’).

[E.R.]

Obviously, ḫatarniyašḫa- represents a formation in the Luwian abstract suffix -ašḫa- deriving from the verb ḫatarni-^(ti) (thus Starke 1979a:253, 258, followed in CLL:64, HED H:264, HW 2nd ed. Ḫ:499; still uncertain Berman 1977a:234 and HEG A-K:221).

[E.R.]

With both the Luwian base ḫatarni-^(ti) and the Luwian suffix -ašḫa-, there can be no doubt that ḫatarniyašḫa- was borrowed from Luwian, as proposed in Starke 1979a:253 and accepted in CLL:64 and HED H:264; hesitant HEG A-K:221.

[E.R.]

For the lemma head see CLuw. *ḫatt-.