/hah(h)atta-/, (“*218”)há-ha-ta-
‘to annihilate (?)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 3590
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/hah(h)atta-/, (“*218”)há-ha-ta-
‘to annihilate (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This hapax is attested in a single inscription from Karkamiš dating to the 10th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| 1sg. pret. ind. act. | /hah(h)attaHa/ | ([“]*218”)há-ha-ta-ha | KARKAMIŠ A1a, §12 (Karkamiš) |
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this word is provisional regarding its endings, but can otherwise be deemed secure. It is likely etymologically related to the verb /hatta-/ ‘to demolish’ and its derivates (Oshiro 1995b:300 n. 6, also Rieken 2010a:303), and thus to CLuw. ḫatta- ‘violent blow, harm’ and its family (see CLL:63-65).
The sign *218, not yet fixed with a semantic interpretation, occurs infrequently and is also used, for instance, with the verb HLuw. /tarpari-(ti)/ ‘to happen’.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The verb is clearly transitive, and the meaning ‘to annihilate’ is suggested by Yakubovich 2017e based on the context of attestation in KARKAMIŠ A1a and the likely cognate link with /hatta-/ ‘to demolish’. The inscription details the military exploits of the author and how he honoured the gods after each destruction of a town, suggesting that a similar meaning is likely for KARKAMIŠ A1a, §12: a-wa/i ha-za-u-na-na(URBS) ARHA ([“]*218”)há-ha-ta-ha, approx. /a=wa Hazaunan ahha hahattaha/, meaning ‘I annihilated (?) the town Hazauna utterly’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:88).
Compared to the simplex /hatta-(di/ ‘to demolish, ruin’, the reduplication appears to strengthen the meaning of the verb, as far as can be gleaned from the context of attestation.
Against Hawkins 2000a:90, the present verb cannot be the same as HLuw. /hah(h)attaiya-/ ‘to be violent / destructive’ in §2 of the same inscription, because they differ in transitivity.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
Very probably related to /hatta-(di)/ ‘to demolish, ruin’ (see Oshiro 1995b:300 n. 6), the present verb is reduplicated. Yet from the form attested at KARKAMIŠ A1a, §12, it cannot be deduced which stem class it belongs to (cf. Sasseville 2021a:86f.). Possible are the stems in /-a-(ti)/, /-a(i)-(di)/, and /-a-(i)/, or a root formation (see Sasseville 2021a:19-21, 81f.), with the reduplication pointing towards the latter two options, i.e. /-a-(i)/ or a root formation with or without lenited endings, cf. Sasseville 2021a:258f., 297f., 340-342, 373f. Dempsey 2015a:242f. deems the form too unclear for further analysis.
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head, see HLuw. */hatt-/.