/sark(a)-/, sa5+ra/i-ka-
‘uprising, insurrection (?)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, n.
- ID
- 2738
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/sark(a)-/, sa5+ra/i-ka-
‘uprising, insurrection (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested once in an inscription from Tabal, which dates to the 9th or 8th century BCE.
[AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom./acc. sg. | /sarkan=za/ | (“x.x”)sa5?+ra/i-ka?-za | BOROWSKI 1, §2 (Tabal) |
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
A hapax legomenon, the phonological interpretation of the present lexeme is not aided by its uncertain reading, as the surface of the stone is quite worn. Provided the reading is correct and the assumed cognate link to Hittite /sarku-/ ‘high (in status)’The meaning and etymological link to Hittite šēr ‘on, over’ and sarā ‘up’ is contested by Kloekhorst in EDHIL:734f. holds true, the attested form would represent a typical nom./acc. sg. of a neuter noun followed by the neuter particle /=sa/ in its expected form /=za/ after /n/, cf. e.g. Melchert 2003b:183.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning suggested here is based on etymological and contextual evidence, but it should be borne in mind that the inscription is but partly preserved and a number of signs are difficult to read. Used in the protasis of a curse formula, the noun /sark(a)-/ represents a negative and quite likely hostile act combined with the verb /izzi(ya)-(di)/ ‘to make’, thus continuing a theme visible already in the preceding clause, which ends in /tarpa tai/ ‘(he) stands aggressively’. If the cognate link with Hittite /sarku-/ ‘high (in status)’ is correct, then ‘uprising, insurrection’ would represent the most likely meaning.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
Assuming that the reading is correct, the form represents a neuter noun in /-a-/, possibly related to an adjective /sarku-/, as such unattested in HLuw., but it probably also served as a basis for the attested HLuw. theonym /Sarku-/, who corresponds to the Mesopotamian god Ea (Kalaç 1965a:419, Hawkins 2000a:107).
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head, see HLuw. */sark-/.