/ha-(i)/, ha-
‘to allow (?)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 2465
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/ha-(i)/, ha-
‘to allow (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This hapax is attested in a single inscription from Karkamiš dating to the mid-8th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| 3sg. pres. act. | /hai/ | ha-i | CEKKE inscr. 2, §21 (Karkamiš) |
This word is recognised with Yakubovich 2017e:s.v. contra Hawkins 2000a:146 (already in Hawkins 1975a:146f.), who reads the string 〈MANUS.*218.LA/I/U ha-i〉 as one word, i.e. 〈MANUS.*218(-)la/i/u?-ha-i〉, tentatively linking it to Hittite laḫḫiya- ‘to travel, to march against’ (cf. CHD L-N:7).
[A.P.] [AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
Provided the analysis of the only attestation (following Yakubovich 2017e:s.v.) is correct, the phonological interpretation of this verb is certain. The HLuw. spelling leaves little leeway in this case, and the possible etymological link with Hittite ḫa- ‘to believe, trust’ further supports the interpretation. However, more evidence is needed for a secure identification.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning is assigned to this word on a provisional basis (see Yakubovich 2017e:s.v.). If the connection with Hittite ḫa- ‘to believe, trust’ should turn out to be correct, ‘to allow’ represents the contextually most fitting interpretation. The relevant clause in CEKKE, §21 is part of the protasis of a curse formula: ni-pa-wa/i FINES-hi-zi ARHA MANUS.*218.LA/I/U ha-i, approx. /niba=wa irhinzi ahha …-una? hai/, translating as ‘Or if he allows (anyone) to damage the borders’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:146).Note that Hawkins 2000a assumes 〈MANUS.*218.LA/I/U ha-i〉 to represent a single word, suggesting ‘to infringe’ as a meaning.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The verb probably belongs to the stems in /-a-/ (perhaps by reanalysis of the stem) and takes the endings of the ḫi-conjugation, cf. Sasseville 2021a:340-342.
[AH.B.]