azzu(wa)-

Hapax in a Luwian ritual in NS.

[Zs.S.]

dat./loc. pl.

az-˹zu˺-wa-an-za

KBo 13.260 obv. ii 24

(CTH 766, NS)

Attestation following CLL:44, slightly modified based on the photo in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.

[A.B.], [Zs.S.]

Contrary to the KBo edition, Starke 1985b:261 n. 4 considers a subscripted ZA below the AZ sign. This is, however, not visible on the photo of the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.

[A.B.]

A meaning ‘horse’ is assumed by CLL:44 (with question mark and “uncertain”) and Tischler 2008a:34, Tischler 2016a:45; and Ünal 2016a:953 (with question mark). Melchert argues that this is the expected form attested also in Hieroglyphic Luwian with the same meaning (see s.v. ázu-). Kloekhorst 2008c:238 and Weeden 2011b:157 rightly point out that the context is too unclear to prove or disprove the meaning, cf. KBo 13.260 obv. ii 24-29 (translation according to Starke 1985b:261 with the additional notation of the broken signs based on the photo of the Mainzer Fotoarchiv):

24 az-˹zu˺-wa-an-za-wa ḫu-id-da-an
25 ˹pí-ya˺-an-du ḫa-at-ta-ya-an-za-wa
26 ˹ḫa-at˺-ta pí-ya-an-du
27 ma-an-na-u-wa-an-za-pa ma-an-nu pí-ya-an-du
28 i-˹pa˺-ma-an-za-aš-pa ḫu-i-pa-ma-an-za
29 ˹mi-i˺-lu-uš-ga-an pí-ya-an-du

azzuwanza appears in the first part of a repeated expression with the structure ‘they shall give X to Y’, where, however, the meaning of the different X-es and Y-s are mostly unknown:

azzuwanza=wa ḫuiddan piyandu	‘They shall give ḫ. to the a.-s,
ḫattayanza=wa ḫatta piyandu	they shall give ḫ. to the ḫ.-s,
mannauwanza=pa mannu piyandu	but they shall give m. to the m.-s,
ipamanzaš=pa ḫuipamanza milušgan piyandu	but they shall give m. to the i.-s (and?) ḫ.-s.’

Only the second phrase (ḫattayanza=wa ḫatta piyandu) has a more or less solid translation (‘they shall give harm / striking ability to the violent ones’, cf. CLL:63, 65 with refs.) and it is highly doubtful if a meaning ‘they shall give ḫ. to the horses’ makes sense in this context (CLL:83 speculates about a meaning ‘they shall give running (ability)^? to the horses’). For a detailed discussion of these words see s.vv.

Note that the widespread assumption that the word for ‘horse’ should be *āššu- (see esp. Starke 1995a:118, who added the fragmentary forms a-aš-šu[- (KUB 35.102 i 7’), a-aš-š[u- (KUB 35.107 iv 22’), and a-aš-šu-u-ut-t[i- (KUB 35.100 rev. 3) of unknown meaning, and āššuššann(i)- ‘horsetrainer’, a non-Luwian loanword in Hittite, see s.v.) is based on the misreading of the Hieroglyphic Luwian sign *448 as <sù> instead of <zú> (and thus reading <á-sù-> for the word <á-zú-> ‘horse’); on the reading of this sign see Melchert 1987a:201f., Melchert 2012a:210, and Simon 2008a:21–26; cf. also the criticism by Raulwing & Schmitt 1998a:688–695. Despite this, Kloekhorst 2008c:238f. allows both readings for the Cuneiform Luwian word for ‘horse’.

[Zs.S.]

The only attested form allows both an u- and an a-stem, thus azzu(wa)- with CLL:44 and Ünal 2016a:953.

[Zs.S.]