āḫraman-
‘state of painfullness’
- Language
- Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, neuter
- ID
- 1782
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Luwian in Hittite transmission
āḫraman-
‘state of painfullness’1.1.1Transmission
The sole attestation of the lexeme comes from the Tunnawiya ritual, which is heavily interspersed with Luwianisms (NS).
[E.R.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom./acc. sg. | ⸢a⸣-aḫ-ra-ma-an | KUB 9.34 i 22’ | (CTH 409, NS) |
1.1.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.
[E.R.]
1.1.4Meaning
The lexeme occurs in a list of ailments, consisting of pairs of a possessor designating the body part and a possessum designating the ailment, thus KUB 9.34 i 22’ [tar]-aš!-ša-na!-an (text: [tar]-na-aš-ša-an) a-aḫ-ra-ma-an “the āḫraman- of the gorge” (with a partitive apposition); cf. already Götze 1949a:181 with n. 24. An analogous context at KUB 9.4 iii 36’ and KBo 20.73 iv 3 offers tar-aš-(ša-)na-aš ta/da-aš-ku-pí-ma-an “the rasping sound of a gorge” (with a genitival attribute). This could lead to the conclusion that āḫraman- denotes very specifically the soreness of the throat. However, the word pair āḫra- waḫra-, the first member of which is generally thought to be the base of āḫraman- (see under Stem), is used in a more general sense. Therefore, a generic meaning as ‘state of painfulness’ for āḫraman- is more likely in terms of its derivational morphology and equally suitable in the given context; cf. also HEG A-K:5 (etwas Übles), HHw:s.v. ‘Zustand der Pein’, HW2:46 (Krankheit oder unangenehmer Zustand), Ünal 2007a:9 (sickness or an unpleasant state). Outdated Rosenkranz 1952a:51f. with an erroneous equation with (a)impan ZI-aš.
[E.R.]
1.1.5Stem
CLL:5 plausibly interprets the word as a neuter -m(ma)n- stem directly derived from āḫra- ‘pain’ (different Starke 1990a:260, who posits an intermediary verb; less specific DLL:23, Kammenhuber 1969a:286f., HEG A-K:5, HW2:46; different Ünal 2007a:9 listing an a-stem āḫrama-).
[E.R.]
1.1.6Origin
The assumption of a Luwian origin of āḫraman- can be based on the Luwian base āḫra-, the productive Luwian suffix -m(ma)n- and the occurrence of the lexeme in the Tunnawi ritual, which is known for its strong Luwian affinities (see DLL:23, HW2:46, CLL:5, Starke 1990a:260, HHw:s.v.).
[E.R.]
For the lemma head see CLuw. āḫra-.